مؤسسة الأفتاء في مدينة الجزائر خلال العهد العثماني 1520-1830

Abstract

The Fatwa Foundation was established in Algiers during the Ottoman period and lasted until The French Entry from 1520 to 1830, and has never existed before, and the Ottoman rulers have designated the Great Mosque of Algiers as its center.. Algeria lived under a doctrinal dualism during the Ottoman period, where the Hanafi doctrine, the official doctrine of the Ottoman caliphate, spread, in the presence of the Maliki doctrine is the dominant doctrine in the country, and thus found duality in the judiciary, each doctrine of mufti and judge of its own, but about their appointment, he appointed the Mufti and judge Hanafi in Istanbul and sent to Algiers to serve the post of fatwa and at the end of his term, he will assign another work and settle in Algiers, and with regard to the Maliki doctrine, the Mufti and the Judge shall be appointed, the mufti and the judge. In Algiers by the Sheikh of Islam under certain conditions. This doctrinal duality was characterized by a great coexistence and understanding that preferred the scholars in the Maliki doctrine and the Hanafi doctrine and their understanding where they had a relationship of friendliness and respect, and the Ottoman rulers approached the scholars and made them a prominent place in society and the scholars became a link between the population and the rulers. In addition, there is an ad-religious doctrine, which represented a minority of the inhabitants of Algiers, where it practiced its doctrine separately. The Ifta Foundation played a major religious role in society, contributing to the dissemination of science and knowledge in mosques and scientific centers, preserving the Book of God almighty, teaching the rules of Islamic law at all stages of education, and organizing endowments, which were the main suppliers of science and students. It also played a prominent political role, as evidenced by the relationship of scholars to the ruling authority, their relationship was characterized by respect, friendship and permanent communication, and also in the field of justice, the Mufti and the judge worked to resolve the daily conflicts and

problems of the population, hence it is clear that the foundation of fatwas is very important in the life of the society of Algiers